This subproject examines the transformative resilience of regional energy systems in the Baltic Sea region against the backdrop of geopolitical crises and Russia's invasion of Ukraine. It focuses on the production, transport, and storage of hydrogen, wind, and solar power, as well as the protection of critical infrastructure. Through comparative case studies in Germany, Sweden, Finland, Poland, and Estonia, it examines how actor and spatial structures within energy systems are changing – including the integration of Estonia and Poland into the Western power grid – and how this affects social acceptance and trust in democracy.